June 10, 2010

Liberal Economics Proven Illogical by Pizza

 
The Bush tax cuts are set to expire at the end of this year.  This is Obama twisting his words to keep his promise of not raising anyone who makes less that $200K taxes one penny.  Make no mistake, your taxes will go up at the end of this year barring someone taking proactive steps.  With the current bunch of miscreants in Congress this will not happen.  Bush had to put a “sunset clause” into the tax cut legislation to keep keep them from being permanent so the RINOs and Liberals would vote for them. 
We are still working on the failed economic policies of the past.  I have read lengthy history books.  Some were published in the 80’s some in the 90’s and some were published in the 2000’s.  In each case, if published prior to Obama’s reign, they have touted the proven failure and end of Fabian Socialism and Keynesian Economics.
Well then why in the blue hell are we still dealing with the mischief caused by these theories?  Apparently this bogus ideology is nearly impossible to eradicate from our collective consciousness no matter how many times it fails.
Let’s deal with the notion that to increase revenue the thing to do is to increase taxes.  I will even concede that this works to a point, which we have all become familiar with as the “tipping point”
It sounds very simple on the face of things, “Daddy Warbucks makes a lot of money, we want money, let’s take his.”  Never mind that this is blatant robbery, another concept must be agreed upon, namely, that Incentive matters.
There is a great pizza place not far from where I live.  It is a woodfire pizza place run by a married couple.   I do not know if any of you have ever contemplated cooking pizza in a woodfired oven but it is hot work.  They do a great business, and I am sure they are making a comfortable living.
To keep the analogy simple let’s assume that every pizza they make costs them $5 dollars to make.  They sell them for $10, the taxes are $2 and the profit is $3.  Gino usually sells about 300 Pizzas a week.
Flat 20% tax
Pizzas SoldPriceGross IncomeexpensetaxesprofitTotal
300$ 10 $ 3,000 $ 1,500 $ 600 $ 900 3000
$ 10 $ -$ -$ -$ -0
$ 10 $ -$ -$ -$ -0
300$ 600 $ 900
Imagine a central planner comes along and decides that town revenues are too low, so the thing to do is to raise taxes…but being a good progressive he will raise taxes progressively. 
Week 1 -For the first $1000  of Pizzas sold in a week the taxes are $2 and the profit is $3.  Beginning with $1001 of Pizzas sold that week, the taxes are $2.50 and the Profit is $2.50.  My Pizza Chef, Gino, is now working half for government but hey, it is still not a bad profit…so that week he sells 300 pizzas.  Tax revenues go up but Gino’s profits drop off.  The Central Planner, let’s call him Obummer, Obummer says wow that made us a lot of money this week, I think I can get even more by raising taxes.
Pizzas SoldPriceGross IncomeexpensetaxesprofitTotal
100$ 10 $ 1,000 $ 500 $ 200 $ 300 1000
200$ 10 $ 2,000 $ 1,000 $ 500 $ 500 2000
$ 10 $ -$ -$ -$ -0
300$ 700 $ 800
Week 3- The raise in taxes has affected Gino’s take home pay and even though he is giving away a lot of his hard earned money to the government to waste, he has become accustomed to a certain amount of bring home pay, so  the second week under Obummer’s rule he runs a special and manages to sell 340 pizzas. 
Pizzas SoldPriceGross IncomeexpensetaxesprofitTotal
100$ 10 $ 1,000 $ 500 $ 200 $ 300 1000
240$ 10 $ 2,400 $ 1,200 $ 600 $ 600 2400
$ 10 $ -$ -$ -$ -0
340$ 800 $ 900
  
See full size imageObummer thinks this is awesome because revenues AND PRODUCTION went up again without even raising taxes, so more taxes means more revenue and PRODUCTION!  Gino, dead tired, has paid his bills but had to work a lot harder to do it.  Obummer giddy with excitement plans to raise taxes again…
Week 3 -  So the next week beginning with $2001 the taxes are $3 and the Profit is $2.  Now Gino is working more for the government than he is for himself and he thinks to himself why do I want to be open for lunch?  I should just open for Supper and sell less Pizzas and have time for myself… But he soldiers on and manages to sell 340 pizzas again. 
Pizzas SoldPriceGross IncomeexpensetaxesprofitTotal
100$ 10 $ 1,000 $ 500 $ 200 $ 300 1000
100$ 10 $ 1,000 $ 500 $ 250 $ 250 1000
140$ 10 $ 1,400 $ 700 $ 420 $ 280 1400
340$ 870 $ 830
  
But what has happened?  Tax revenues went up a little as expected, but Gino’s take home pay was at an all time low! Gino is royally pissed and not to mention really tired. So the following week he  thinks to himself, “I worked just as hard and made LESS money?!  I can’t make what I used to.”  And so Gino lowers his expectation of his pay.
Week 4-, Gino has lowered his expectations, and he is really tired and he only sells 300 pizzas that week.
Pizzas SoldPriceGross IncomeexpensetaxesprofitTotal
100$ 10 $ 1,000 $ 500 $ 200 $ 300 1000
100$ 10 $ 1,000 $ 500 $ 250 $ 250 1000
100$ 10 $ 1,000 $ 500 $ 300 $ 200 1000
300$ 750 $ 750
Obummer is alarmed, his revenues went down.  Gino is distressed, he brought home less than the week before, but oh well what is he to do?  The lack of Incentive has set in, and we are only one month into the reign of Obummer.
Obummer, desperate to fund all his new programs, must get revenues back up! so he raises the taxes on the second two hundred to the same level as the third.  Under the new two tiered tax structure anything over 100 pizzas sold is a $3 tax per pizza. 
Pizzas SoldPriceGross IncomeexpensetaxesprofitTotal
100$ 10 $ 1,000 $ 500 $ 200 $ 300 1000
100$ 10 $ 1,000 $ 500 $ 300 $ 200 1000
100$ 10 $ 1,000 $ 500 $ 300 $ 200 1000
300$ 800 $ 700
Week 6 – under the new more oppressive two tiered tax system Gino is fed up, there is no way he can make enough money to make ends meet, and he is beside himself and only sells 300 pizzas that week.  Obummer is furious and vows to kick someone’s ass®…Revenues are down!.  Lazy Capitalist Pigs!!
Gino is faced with a decision, does he go out of business or does he raise his prices?  If he raises his prices what will his customers say and how will they be impacted?  Gino decides to raise his prices to 11 dollars a Pizza. 
Pizzas SoldcostGross IncomeexpensetaxesprofitTotal
100$ 11 $ 1,100 $ 500 $ 220 $ 380 1100
100$ 11 $ 1,100 $ 500 $ 330 $ 270 1100
100$ 11 $ 1,100 $ 500 $ 330 $ 270 1100
300$ 880 $ 920
  
Obummer is somewhat satisfied although revenues only went up slightly.  Gino is actually pleased because his take home pay is back above the levels of the good old days.
So who was actually hurt in this scenario?  The Consumer.  The cost of high taxes was passed onto the pizza buyer.  But that is not all.  The sets up a ripple effect.  At our low dollar example it seems silly, but if the butcher that makes the meat toppings has to pay more for his pizza what pressure does that put him under. 
No Taxpayer is ONLY a Consumer, they are also a Producer.  If the cost of Production goes up in one area it sends waves through the system raising Costs elsewhere.  The only beneficiary is the parasite on the system which is Government or the beneficiaries of its’ largesse.

Comments (6)

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So I dont know what is up with the commenting system. It should show up on the main page, but it is not. I have an email into IntenseDebate to see what the dealio is.
Excellent analysis!
thanks, and above all, thanks for reading our stutf. time is the most valuable
commodity and knowing that you used a little bit of yours to reading our work inspires us to work harder to bring thought provoking perspectives and analysis. And by the way Kook is the man for doing this redesign. Ever since Kook!redesigned the blog, it has been exciting again.
Tax increases aren't necessarily borne by the consumer. For some products, the added cost of the tax is borne by the consumer, and in the case of other products, the tax burden is borne by the supplier. Often it's borne by both, but the degree to which it is actually borne by the consumer depends on how much the consumer's demand changes when the price changes (the elasticity of demand) and how much the producer's willingness to supply changes when the price changes (the elasticity of supply).

In any case, I think you would be please to learn that today's economics courses and professors, including those of the Keynesian persuasion, agree with you: tax increases have consequences. Any microeconomics course teaches that increasing the tax rate/level decreases the quantity of that good, either because the tax is taking out of the "consumer surplus" or the "producer surplus" or both. John Maynard Keynes would not disagree with you or contemporary economists on this point.

Today's political dialog often makes it seem like there's more disagreement in economics than there really is. In fact, in the second half of the Twentieth Century, there has been much synthesis between economists more in line with Keynes and economists more in line with Milton Friedman.

For instance, Friedman and Keynesian economists pretty much agree that cutting taxes or increases government purchases increase output in the short run ( a few years). They also pretty much agree that after such stimulus, output returns to a normal state of output and the price level and inflation increase in the medium rum (10-20 years).

The reason why economists disagree over how much stimulus to use or whether to use it at all is that, there is uncertainty as to how near the medium term is, and magnitudes: what is the magnitude of the cost in the short run of letting the economy recede, and, on the flip side, what is the cost in the medium run if we do enact stimulus? That's where the disagreement comes from. And that's something that can't be resolved with us sitting around philosophizing, unfortunately. It needs to be solved by researchers crunching hard data about the national economy and running regressions and statistical tests.

One other side note: your story needs a lot more details to determine whether the producer would shut down or not. His variable and fixed costs are needed to examine his "shutdown decision," as it's called in microeconomics. And to return to my first point, we need the supply and demand curves (how much consumers are willing for buy/how much suppliers are willing to sell at given prices) to figure out who bears how much of the cost of the tax and how much the pizzas sell for. Some more detail as to the government's tax-setting deliberations would also make your story more convincing.
2 replies · active 772 weeks ago
This was a simple post for theory sake. I appreciate your comment and hope you come back.
I never claim to be a master economist, in fact it is probably one of my weakest area's. But it is still completely illogical in my mind to state that a business in fact pays any taxes whatsoever. All the revenue comes from the consumer, therefore all the bills are ultimately paid by the consumer, now as to whether a business will allow taxes to eat into profits before a decision to raise prices or go out of business, that is a more complex decision.

To say that a business pays taxes is easily disproved by common sense - where does that money come from...
all that being said, you did make a great comment and counterpoint, a very informative comment and I do hope you return.

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